Naslov (srp)

Nova rešenja u procesima pripreme i bojenja poliestra uz optimalno ekonomsko i ekološko opterećenje

Autor

Kodrić, Marija 1986-

Doprinosi

Đorđević, Dragan M. 1964-

Opis (srp)

This PhD dissertation is a complex study of contemporary and up-to-datepolicies, procedures, theoretical postulates, and experimental examinationsrelated to the modification and dyeing of synthetic textiles. First of all, these areactivities related to creating conditions for easier, more economical andefficient, and from the ecological point of view, more acceptable dyeing ofpolyester fibers. The proposed innovative pretreatment or modification of thesurface of polyester fibers in the form of knitting, allows dyeing under normalconditions of temperature and pressure, without carriers or with eco carriers.The treatment, which precedes the process of dyeing, converts the morphologyof the fiber surface, which results in a lower mass and lower thickness of theknitted fabric, better sorption properties, capillarity, and water absorption.Certain advanced dyeing procedures of modified polyester knitwear show betterresults than dyeing, according to the fabric recipes at high temperatures (120C) or with a commercial carrier. Modification of the polyester fabric is carriedout with alkaline − aqueous and alkaline − alcoholic solutions as well as purehigher alcohols, always with the use of ultrasound. Alkaline processing ofknitwear in an aqueous or alcoholic environment, with the use of ultrasound,leads to changes in the surface structure of polyester fibers, while solventprocessing mainly causes swelling and makes the fibers structure morepermeable for molecules of a disperse dye during the process of dyeing. Thecombination of potassium−hydroxide and octanol demonstrated extremelypositive effects on knitwear. Dyeing with ultrasound increases the exhaustionof dye by the modified knitted fabric and it depends on the contact time, theinitial dye concentration, and the presence of the ultrasound itself. Knitwearcolor fastness (to light, wear, washing, seawater, water, water drops) iscomparable to color fastness after classical, industrial dyeing.An economic analysis of polyester dyeing with new procedures reveals thefollowing:- higher dye exhaustion means a smaller amount of waste dye, easier andcheaper wastewater treatment;- half the amount of dispersant saves money and lowers the costs ofwastewater treatment;- the omission of a commercial carrier means saving money and loweringcosts for wastewater treatment;- the omission of the acid saves money and lowers purification costs.New solutions for dyeing knitwear have the capacity to reduce water, energyconsumption and improve production efficiency with significant potential forcleaner textile production in smaller manufacturing companies.

Opis (srp)

Biografija autora sa slikom: list 164. Bibliografija: list. 146-158. Datum odbrane: 23.02.2024. Materials and chemical technologies

Jezik

srpski

Datum

2024

Licenca

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